Curvilinear micromagnetism: from fundamentals to applications

Extending 2D structures into 3D space has become a general trend in multiple disciplines, including electronics, photonics, plasmonics, superconductivity and magnetism [1,2]. This approach provides means to modify conventional or to launch novel functionalities by tailoring curvature and 3D shape of magnetic thin films and nanowires [2,3]. In this talk, we will address fundamentals of curvature-induced effects in magnetism and discuss realizations of curved low-dimensional architectures and their characterization, which among others resulted in the experimental confirmation of exchange-driven chiral effects [4]. Geometrically curved architectures can support a new chiral symmetry breaking effect: it is essentially non-local and manifests itself even in static spin textures living in curvilinear magnetic nanoshells [5]. The field of curvilinear magnetism was extended towards curvilinear antiferromagnets, offering a novel material science platform for antiferromagnetic spinorbitronics. It was demonstrated that intrinsically achiral 1D curvilinear antiferromagnets behave as a chiral helimagnet with geometrically tunable DMI, orientation of the Neel vector and the helimagnetic phase transition [6]. Application potential of geometrically curved magnetic thin films is currently being explored as mechanically reshapeable magnetic field sensors for automotive applications, memory, spin-wave filters, high-speed racetrack memory devices as well as on-skin interactive electronics [7,8].

References:

[1] P. Gentile et al., Electronic materials with nanoscale curved geometries, Nature Electronics (Review) 5, 551 (2022).
[2] D. Makarov et al., New Dimension in Magnetism and Superconductivity: 3D and Curvilinear Nanoarchitectures, Advanced Materials (Review) 34, 2101758 (2022).
[3] D. Makarov et al., Curvilinear micromagnetism: from fundamentals to applications (Springer, Zurich, 2022). https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-09086-8
[4] O. Volkov et al., Experimental observation of exchange-driven chiral effects in curvilinear magnetism, Physical Review Letters 123, 077201 (2019).
[5] D. Sheka et al., Nonlocal chiral symmetry breaking in curvilinear magnetic shells, Communications Physics 3, 128 (2020).
[6] O. Pylypovskyi et al., Curvilinear One-Dimensional Antiferromagnets, Nano Letters 20, 8157 (2020).
[7] J. Ge et al., A bimodal soft electronic skin for tactile and touchless interaction in real time, Nature Communications 10, 4405 (2019).
[8] G. S. Canon Bermudez et al., Electronic-skin compasses for geomagnetic field driven artificial magnetoception and interactive electronics, Nature Electronics 1, 589 (2018).