Designing chiral magnetic responses by tailoring geometry of thin films: curvilinear ferro- and antiferromagnets

Extending 2D structures into 3D space has become a general trend in multiple disciplines, including electronics, photonics, plasmonics, superconductivity and magnetism [1,2]. This approach provides means to modify conventional or to launch novel functionalities by tailoring curvature and 3D shape of magnetic thin films and nanowires [2,3]. In this talk, we will address fundamentals of curvature-induced effects in magnetism and discuss realizations of curved low-dimensional architectures and their characterization, which among others resulted in the experimental confirmation of exchange-driven chiral effects [4]. Geometrically curved architectures can support a new chiral symmetry breaking effect: it is essentially non-local and manifests itself even in static spin textures living in curvilinear magnetic nanoshells [5]. The field of curvilinear magnetism was extended towards curvilinear antiferromagnets [6,7], offering a novel material science platform for antiferromagnetic spinorbitronics. It was demonstrated that intrinsically achiral 1D curvilinear antiferromagnets behave as a chiral helimagnet with geometrically tunable DMI, orientation of the Neel vector and the helimagnetic phase transition [6]. Application potential of geometrically curved magnetic thin films is being explored as mechanically reshapeable magnetic field sensors for automotive applications, memory, spin-wave filters, high-speed racetrack memory devices as well as on-skin interactive flexible [8,9] and printed self-healable electronics [10].

[1] P. Gentile et al., Nature Electronics (Review) 5 (2022) 551.
[2] D. Makarov et al., Advanced Materials (Review) 34 (2022) 2101758.
[3] D. Makarov et al., Curvilinear micromagnetism: from fundamentals to applications (Springer, Zurich, 2022). https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-09086-8
[4] O. Volkov et al., Physical Review Letters 123 (2019) 077201.
[5] D. Sheka et al., Communications Physics 3 (2020) 128.
[6] O. Pylypovskyi et al., Nano Letters 20 (2020) 8157.
[7] O. Pylypovskyi et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 118 (2021) 182405.
[8] J. Ge et al., Nature Communications 10 (2019) 4405.
[9] G. S. Canon Bermudez et al, Nature Electronics 1 (2018) 589.
[10] R. Xu et al., Nature Communications 13 (2022) 6587.